Левит Георгий
Институт биологии Университета г. Кассель, Германия.
Хоссфельд Уве
Университет Фридриха Шиллера, Йена, Германия
Олссон Леннарт
Университет Фридриха Шиллера, Йена, Германия
DOI: —
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Creationists Attack Secular Education in Russia
(Translated by Natalia E. Beregoy)
Georgy S. Levit
Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Jena; Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany; National Research University ITMO St. Petersburg, Russia/em>
Uwe Hossfeld
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
Lennart Olsson
Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Germany
DOI: —
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The article discusses a court case in St. Petersburg, Russia, in which a school girl, Maria Schreiber, demanded that the ministry of education must allow an «alternative» to evolution to be taught in high school biology classes. It also considers some aspects of modern creationism in Russia and abroad. The American and Western European «scientifi c creationism» tradition have been translated into Russian. In Russia, representatives of both the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) and of some Protestant churches advocate creationism, even though both confessions arrive at this position independently and remain faithful to their theological doctrines. The article also pays attention to the problem of publication of «alternative» textbooks for biology courses and the introduction of religious courses in state and private schools. In generals, it gives an overview of the modern Russian educational landscape, and makes a distinction between two types of creationism — «scientifi c» and «clerical», but it states that these two do not contradict each other and co-exist in Russia.
Колчинский Эдуард Израилевич
Санкт-Петербургский филиал Института истории естествознания и техники РАН
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DOI: —
АННОТАЦИЯ:
Проанализированы социально-культурные и научные контексты юбилеев Ч. Дарвина в 1909, 1932, 1959, 1984 гг. Показано, как дарвиновские юбилеи использовались для пропаганды самого дарвинизма и продвижения разного рода политических и философских идеологий, а также эволюция отношений к дарвинизму со стороны ряда христианских конфессий. Особое внимание уделено взаимоотношению теории эволюции и креационизма, а также достижениям последних двух десятилетий в области молекулярной биологии, палеонтологии и антропологии, позиции Ватикана, англиканской церкви и некоторых других конфессий в юбилеях 2009 г. Дается краткая характеристика социально-культурному и когнитивному контексту проведения юбилейных мероприятий на Западе и в России.
ИНФОРМАЦИЯ О ФИНАНСОВОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКЕ:
Работа написана при поддержке РГНФ проект № 09-03-00166а
Charles Darwin’s Anniversaries in Socio-cultural and Cognitive Contexts
Eduard I. Kolchinsky
Institute for the History of Science and Technology named after Sergey I. Vavilov, St. Petersburg Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences
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The paper analyzes socio-cultural and scientific contexts for celebrations of Charles Darwin’s jubilees in 1909, 1932 1959 and 1984. It demonstrates that Darwin’s anniversaries were used for dissemination and popularization of Darwinism, as well as for advancement of various political and philosophical ideas, and shows changing attitudes towards Darwin and Darwinism exhibited by various Christian confessions. Special attention has been paid to interrelations between the evolutionary theory and creationism, and the achievements reached in the last two decades in the fields of molecular biology, paleontology, anthropology. The paper examines stances taken by Vatican, the Church of England, and a few other Christian churches on Darwin and Darwinism in 2009. It gives a brief outline of the socio-cultural and cognitive contexts in which Darwin 2009 jubilee events take place in Russia and the West.
